Since the archives are opened to discover the East Germans in the horror files of the Stasi, which the SED state has really done to them: Well advised doctors not only as a Stasi-helper suspected ....
The stories of victims:
Ulrich Caspar:
first contact with psychiatry had the Jena youth pastor Kasparick Ulrich, 34, entirely voluntarily: announced in the autumn of 1988, the theologian to group therapy in the university clinic. Together with nine other patients, the minister spoke of his frustration of the soul, it spread to the problems of his marriage and talked readily about his political views. They were removed from those of the SED regime far: the chaplain sat down in Jena Kasparick open for "hostile negative forces" (Stasi jargon) that for conscientious objectors and emigrate. The loquacity of the pastor enjoyed especially the Jena Stasi: a loyal companion line member the psycho-group gave more eager KASPARICK confessions - to her husband, the preliminary work under the pseudonym "John" the Ministry of State Security (Stasi).
Psycho chats Kasparick the patient used the Stasi, a long-cherished plan to achieve the pastor, the man should be destroyed. The "meet the objective," says a note from the Stasi had to happen after a nine-point plan. Point one: "The effective public dissemination" of KASPARICK soul. Last point: introduction to the locked ward of the District Hospital for Psychiatry and Neurology in Stadtroda. Only the turn saved the cleric from being years in a closed Institute for gathering twilight. How was organized in the SED state the destruction of people is the first time clearly, since the victims who survived Erich Mielke's diabolical machinery reasonably intact, can reconstruct the Stasi files in the Gauck their story. The ex-GDR citizens encounter horror records of their own lives.
cases of public abuse of psychiatry, as they had to do Kasparick are now known in rows. The background of his mistreatment by stasi impaired physicians set out to 2,800 pages Stasi documents, described in the last week of Saxony Interior Minister and former minister Heinz Eggert, 45, on German TV before an audience of millions. His reports about how he "barely move" under the apparently arbitrary Psycho injected drugs was shattered, the audience so that the phones of the "ARD" focus "editorial was blocked due to overload. The files reveal
the victims: It was all much worse in the real existing socialism, as it previously seemed inconceivable. Not only small writers like Sascha ("asshole") Anderson of Prenzlauer Berg have abused the trust of their surroundings and can be as a spy, snoop and Hilfspetzer capture of the regime. Not even the doctors could not believe the SED subjects - and the lawyers, either.
The paper comes to life. Only after the victim felt the document is to imagine what said the East German secret service with the word "subversion". The word comes from the documents again and again. In German Stasi, it was about the "processing of operational transactions" with the "harmful consequences and effects of subversive activities largely suppressed or prevented" should be. "The goal of decomposition," was set Mielke, is "to paralyze the enemy to disperse negative forces to disorganize and isolate (see box page 30). To achieve this goal, the Stasi had an organized military apparatus. Included the last 100 000 full-time employees. They stood to the side to assess high-Stasi officers, an army of millions of IM - according to Mielke, "Policy * On January 2, the study of its files) (in the Gauck) No 1 / 79." The "main weapon in the fight against the enemy ". The full-time offenders are almost completely known by name, many of the IM threatens to unmasking.
With scouts and spies covered the people as their SED with a net. This ensured the almost total surveillance society. Here, the Stasi sniffing everywhere, especially through "targeted clandestine collection of information with high quality and validity of all subversive attacks against the enemy" (Mielke Directive). Used and were instructed high-ranking spy in directly from the headquarters of the East Berlin Normannenstrasse. The 15 district councils and 200 district offices of the Stasi also had its own spies network set up. Informants were countless SED functionaries as well as block-party front, factory and farm manager and squad leaders. The Secret Service also had unrestricted access to all media and Save. For the "decomposition" of their opponents was the Stasi almost any means - including the physical destruction, as the case of former pastor Eggert shows.
Pastor Eggert
held office since 1974, the Protestant pastor, a native of Rostock, in the run-down Kurörtchen Oybin in the Zittau Mountains on the border with Czechoslovakia. There, the militant pulled a theologian as a preacher on Sundays ago, the SED Regents.
These brothers had the ubiquitous Stasi very much. For years, recorded their spies the sermons of the God man, overheard his phone and read with the post. Unofficial members of the East German secret service could be in crowds pastoral advice it sought to create sound out the pastor, even the children were Eggert-by Stasi informants observed specifically among classmates. When Eggert was to make things worse still, in the adjoining office, a university chaplain in Zittau, contented himself with the Mielke Ministry no longer only with observation. The Dresden Stasi district chief Horst Böhm ordered in 1982, "determined and effective measures to operational phase of the decomposition process" to start against the priest. The disaster took its course in 1983 when the family of six camping on the Baltic. The Stasi was prepared for the holidays well. When the Eggert on 20 July Bansin at Wolgast arrived they were already expected. By secret telex, Dresdner Stasi district administrative colleagues in Rostock had asked for assistance. The request was granted conscientious. Eggert could do in the campground hardly a step without his guards. The spy looked after in accordance with instructions to "photo documents of stay of E. on nudist beach, "" Determination of contact partners "at the campground and an" assessment of the behavior of E. and his wife while on holiday.
showed the first episodes of holidays on the way home after Oybin. Eggert ill from fever, cramping abdominal pain and painful bowel movement. For days, was discharged bloody mucoid diarrhea. In the next few weeks put the priest on his family. What had started out as a summer stomach flu appeared, doctors eventually to their surprise, the Ruhr. Ruhr is a relatively rare infectious disease that can be triggered by a dozen different bacteria. The seeds are washed with water, Milk or other foods taken without the patient tastes or smells it.
only at extremely unclean sanitary conditions in the Ruhr spread rapidly, under European conditions, the pathogen usually no chance - unless they are intentionally added to a food. be tasteless' suspensions ", so-called bacterial cultures, especially for diagnostic purposes of comparison, many health institutions are stocked. A proof that the Stasi he intentionally interfered dysentery bacteria in the food, has Eggert their files yet to be found. The only certainty is that after a birthday party at the Baltic Sea as the only one of the campers ill. The Ruhr was the Stasi in any case better time well. ("Our little daughter had died of it fast")
After recovering from the dangerous intestinal disease Eggert fell into deep depression with suicidal ideas. This is, especially in dynamic fighters like Eggert, after life-threatening crises from time to time. Usually, energetic individuals to recover from such a "reactive depression" within days or weeks. Not so Eggert. The Stasi managed the patients sent to a psychiatrist Reinhard Wolf, head of psychiatry at the hospital in Großschweidnitz men. Wolf, Eggert IM with friends, as was "very trusted doctor" was recommended, was the Stasi under the code name "Manfred" out. Stasi Review: "reliable and honest," "is very concerned about compliance with the conspiracy."
The trap snapped: After a consultation in April 1984 allowed the opponents of the regime no longer leave the hospital. Eggert has been put in a straitjacket at the closed station and shipped fully injected with psycho drugs. These Soviet in the Brezhnev era has become usual "treatment for dissidents" means that life will and flexibility, but also emotions and intellect maximum absorption. Some will, at least temporarily insane by the treatment. In "insane fear of death" on the hands and Feet strapped to the bed, Eggert finally agreed in treatment. Under the supervision of a nurse he had to continue to swallow every day is a "half glass of pills".
How carefully the Stasi the hospitalization of their enemy had planned, documented a series of briefing notes (operating procedure "Prince"). Thereafter, the Stasi gave the attending physicians a minute of questions for the therapy sessions to the manual. Mielke, the troupe was particularly interested in for "sexual ambitions," marital problems and the "financial situation" of the clergy. Eggert: "They wanted to figure out things that I would later be blackmailed."
The tape records of the confidential doctor talks Eggert was now back in his Stasi files. Also copies of medical records sent by the hospital management routinely on the spy agency. In the hours of therapy sessions sought neurologist at that time wolf persuade his patient that the sadness will never disappear completely, Eggert remains so disabled with reduced work force. The Office as a student pastor he had to give up his mental health reasons, absolutely. Eggert's wife and also the Saxon church leadership, meanwhile, prepared for the fact that the minister will be committed if all "load up to 50 percent."
Eggert had six weeks of medical re-education for Welfare case in Großschweidnitz endure, for the time after the Stasi had already made provisions: He was told to swallow every day his diet drugs and regularly appearing as a control. After his release did Eggert, what other psychiatric patients do also like: He threw all the tablets, "a whole bag full," in the trash. He was again the old man beaten in his mountain church with strong words of Luther-believers and spies and took over after the turn as a district administrator and the temporal power in his diocese. The thunder of the rulers who not only unpopular church dissidents and people. If the regime a citizen unpleasantly struck, he often disappeared for harmless political criticism behind prison walls.
Paul Kaden
the late Berlin SED functionary Paul Kaden stank the policy of his party for a long time. At the local elections in May 1989 was the comrade, then 77, his public criticism: He distributed letters of protest against the SED candidate in his district. The comrades responded promptly: They let Kaden in the East Berlin Central Department of Psychiatry and Neurology "Wilhelm Griesinger" instruct. Two weeks Kaden was held there. Only after the election he could leave the hospital.
Detlev Jochum
crazy right has made the Berlin Stasi Detlev Jochum, 52. For 13 years the man in the mental hospitals of the GDR was kept, most recently in the notorious house 213 of the Forensic Psychiatric Department of the East Berlin hospital book. Early on, at the age of 24 years, Jochum had come into conflict with his state. Republic for attempted escape, he sat for almost three years in a Bützow / three mountains. "In jail I had at some point dropped a minute," Jochum said, "that I have the social and economic system of the Federal Republic of better find ours." Two other inmates, including a FDJ secretary, serving time for sexual abuse of children squealed on him. Because of "seditious propaganda and incitement" Jochum received by the district court in 1965 a further 16 months in prison as the convicted appealed, he was - "arms handcuffed behind his back" (Jochum) - von Schwerin transported to the psychiatric examination in the 500 kilometers Saxon Clinic Waldheim. The infamous hospital, which this spring is to be closed, in the past two years repeatedly advised patients for abuse and illicit operations such as forced sterilizations in the headlines.
Waldheim was in the psychiatrist Manfred Ochernal a half-hour conversation with Jochum, the patient was a liar. "The fix was scary," says Jochum, "I finally said Ochernal, but that he is is not against prosecution witnesses such as the FDJ secretary. For which would act in the civilian sector in important social functions "Five months was Jochum held in the closed psychiatric Waldheim and -. Treated with psychotropic drugs after his release had the East Germans Jochum in the real existing socialism no chance - against his will.. his job as host of the club restaurants in the district House of Culture Erich Weinert in Berlin-Pankow, he lost quickly when his past became known. The controversy over the dismissal should Jochum have the word "communist pig" is used. That was enough to get him again in the psychiatry .
This time it went straight to the Stasi house 213 to book. "If They connect again in criminal court appearance, "threatened to Jochums memory a doctor," then we must re-educate you with medical means "no empty threat. As Jochum, barely released, a friend who worked for the Stasi, to phase out the Sniffer service, persuaded him, the Stasi locked in an off the same for several years. Only in 1984 he was "completely broken, and then really sick" (Jochum) free from book. had before his release to sign a statement that he was now the "State . - would serve loyally and military power in East Germany "Physicians who were submissive to the regime against all ethical rules, the Stasi was always enough
(Source:. Spiegel.online 1992)
The stories of victims:
Ulrich Caspar:
first contact with psychiatry had the Jena youth pastor Kasparick Ulrich, 34, entirely voluntarily: announced in the autumn of 1988, the theologian to group therapy in the university clinic. Together with nine other patients, the minister spoke of his frustration of the soul, it spread to the problems of his marriage and talked readily about his political views. They were removed from those of the SED regime far: the chaplain sat down in Jena Kasparick open for "hostile negative forces" (Stasi jargon) that for conscientious objectors and emigrate. The loquacity of the pastor enjoyed especially the Jena Stasi: a loyal companion line member the psycho-group gave more eager KASPARICK confessions - to her husband, the preliminary work under the pseudonym "John" the Ministry of State Security (Stasi).
Psycho chats Kasparick the patient used the Stasi, a long-cherished plan to achieve the pastor, the man should be destroyed. The "meet the objective," says a note from the Stasi had to happen after a nine-point plan. Point one: "The effective public dissemination" of KASPARICK soul. Last point: introduction to the locked ward of the District Hospital for Psychiatry and Neurology in Stadtroda. Only the turn saved the cleric from being years in a closed Institute for gathering twilight. How was organized in the SED state the destruction of people is the first time clearly, since the victims who survived Erich Mielke's diabolical machinery reasonably intact, can reconstruct the Stasi files in the Gauck their story. The ex-GDR citizens encounter horror records of their own lives.
cases of public abuse of psychiatry, as they had to do Kasparick are now known in rows. The background of his mistreatment by stasi impaired physicians set out to 2,800 pages Stasi documents, described in the last week of Saxony Interior Minister and former minister Heinz Eggert, 45, on German TV before an audience of millions. His reports about how he "barely move" under the apparently arbitrary Psycho injected drugs was shattered, the audience so that the phones of the "ARD" focus "editorial was blocked due to overload. The files reveal
the victims: It was all much worse in the real existing socialism, as it previously seemed inconceivable. Not only small writers like Sascha ("asshole") Anderson of Prenzlauer Berg have abused the trust of their surroundings and can be as a spy, snoop and Hilfspetzer capture of the regime. Not even the doctors could not believe the SED subjects - and the lawyers, either.
The paper comes to life. Only after the victim felt the document is to imagine what said the East German secret service with the word "subversion". The word comes from the documents again and again. In German Stasi, it was about the "processing of operational transactions" with the "harmful consequences and effects of subversive activities largely suppressed or prevented" should be. "The goal of decomposition," was set Mielke, is "to paralyze the enemy to disperse negative forces to disorganize and isolate (see box page 30). To achieve this goal, the Stasi had an organized military apparatus. Included the last 100 000 full-time employees. They stood to the side to assess high-Stasi officers, an army of millions of IM - according to Mielke, "Policy * On January 2, the study of its files) (in the Gauck) No 1 / 79." The "main weapon in the fight against the enemy ". The full-time offenders are almost completely known by name, many of the IM threatens to unmasking.
With scouts and spies covered the people as their SED with a net. This ensured the almost total surveillance society. Here, the Stasi sniffing everywhere, especially through "targeted clandestine collection of information with high quality and validity of all subversive attacks against the enemy" (Mielke Directive). Used and were instructed high-ranking spy in directly from the headquarters of the East Berlin Normannenstrasse. The 15 district councils and 200 district offices of the Stasi also had its own spies network set up. Informants were countless SED functionaries as well as block-party front, factory and farm manager and squad leaders. The Secret Service also had unrestricted access to all media and Save. For the "decomposition" of their opponents was the Stasi almost any means - including the physical destruction, as the case of former pastor Eggert shows.
Pastor Eggert
held office since 1974, the Protestant pastor, a native of Rostock, in the run-down Kurörtchen Oybin in the Zittau Mountains on the border with Czechoslovakia. There, the militant pulled a theologian as a preacher on Sundays ago, the SED Regents.
These brothers had the ubiquitous Stasi very much. For years, recorded their spies the sermons of the God man, overheard his phone and read with the post. Unofficial members of the East German secret service could be in crowds pastoral advice it sought to create sound out the pastor, even the children were Eggert-by Stasi informants observed specifically among classmates. When Eggert was to make things worse still, in the adjoining office, a university chaplain in Zittau, contented himself with the Mielke Ministry no longer only with observation. The Dresden Stasi district chief Horst Böhm ordered in 1982, "determined and effective measures to operational phase of the decomposition process" to start against the priest. The disaster took its course in 1983 when the family of six camping on the Baltic. The Stasi was prepared for the holidays well. When the Eggert on 20 July Bansin at Wolgast arrived they were already expected. By secret telex, Dresdner Stasi district administrative colleagues in Rostock had asked for assistance. The request was granted conscientious. Eggert could do in the campground hardly a step without his guards. The spy looked after in accordance with instructions to "photo documents of stay of E. on nudist beach, "" Determination of contact partners "at the campground and an" assessment of the behavior of E. and his wife while on holiday.
showed the first episodes of holidays on the way home after Oybin. Eggert ill from fever, cramping abdominal pain and painful bowel movement. For days, was discharged bloody mucoid diarrhea. In the next few weeks put the priest on his family. What had started out as a summer stomach flu appeared, doctors eventually to their surprise, the Ruhr. Ruhr is a relatively rare infectious disease that can be triggered by a dozen different bacteria. The seeds are washed with water, Milk or other foods taken without the patient tastes or smells it.
only at extremely unclean sanitary conditions in the Ruhr spread rapidly, under European conditions, the pathogen usually no chance - unless they are intentionally added to a food. be tasteless' suspensions ", so-called bacterial cultures, especially for diagnostic purposes of comparison, many health institutions are stocked. A proof that the Stasi he intentionally interfered dysentery bacteria in the food, has Eggert their files yet to be found. The only certainty is that after a birthday party at the Baltic Sea as the only one of the campers ill. The Ruhr was the Stasi in any case better time well. ("Our little daughter had died of it fast")
After recovering from the dangerous intestinal disease Eggert fell into deep depression with suicidal ideas. This is, especially in dynamic fighters like Eggert, after life-threatening crises from time to time. Usually, energetic individuals to recover from such a "reactive depression" within days or weeks. Not so Eggert. The Stasi managed the patients sent to a psychiatrist Reinhard Wolf, head of psychiatry at the hospital in Großschweidnitz men. Wolf, Eggert IM with friends, as was "very trusted doctor" was recommended, was the Stasi under the code name "Manfred" out. Stasi Review: "reliable and honest," "is very concerned about compliance with the conspiracy."
The trap snapped: After a consultation in April 1984 allowed the opponents of the regime no longer leave the hospital. Eggert has been put in a straitjacket at the closed station and shipped fully injected with psycho drugs. These Soviet in the Brezhnev era has become usual "treatment for dissidents" means that life will and flexibility, but also emotions and intellect maximum absorption. Some will, at least temporarily insane by the treatment. In "insane fear of death" on the hands and Feet strapped to the bed, Eggert finally agreed in treatment. Under the supervision of a nurse he had to continue to swallow every day is a "half glass of pills".
How carefully the Stasi the hospitalization of their enemy had planned, documented a series of briefing notes (operating procedure "Prince"). Thereafter, the Stasi gave the attending physicians a minute of questions for the therapy sessions to the manual. Mielke, the troupe was particularly interested in for "sexual ambitions," marital problems and the "financial situation" of the clergy. Eggert: "They wanted to figure out things that I would later be blackmailed."
The tape records of the confidential doctor talks Eggert was now back in his Stasi files. Also copies of medical records sent by the hospital management routinely on the spy agency. In the hours of therapy sessions sought neurologist at that time wolf persuade his patient that the sadness will never disappear completely, Eggert remains so disabled with reduced work force. The Office as a student pastor he had to give up his mental health reasons, absolutely. Eggert's wife and also the Saxon church leadership, meanwhile, prepared for the fact that the minister will be committed if all "load up to 50 percent."
Eggert had six weeks of medical re-education for Welfare case in Großschweidnitz endure, for the time after the Stasi had already made provisions: He was told to swallow every day his diet drugs and regularly appearing as a control. After his release did Eggert, what other psychiatric patients do also like: He threw all the tablets, "a whole bag full," in the trash. He was again the old man beaten in his mountain church with strong words of Luther-believers and spies and took over after the turn as a district administrator and the temporal power in his diocese. The thunder of the rulers who not only unpopular church dissidents and people. If the regime a citizen unpleasantly struck, he often disappeared for harmless political criticism behind prison walls.
Paul Kaden
the late Berlin SED functionary Paul Kaden stank the policy of his party for a long time. At the local elections in May 1989 was the comrade, then 77, his public criticism: He distributed letters of protest against the SED candidate in his district. The comrades responded promptly: They let Kaden in the East Berlin Central Department of Psychiatry and Neurology "Wilhelm Griesinger" instruct. Two weeks Kaden was held there. Only after the election he could leave the hospital.
Detlev Jochum
crazy right has made the Berlin Stasi Detlev Jochum, 52. For 13 years the man in the mental hospitals of the GDR was kept, most recently in the notorious house 213 of the Forensic Psychiatric Department of the East Berlin hospital book. Early on, at the age of 24 years, Jochum had come into conflict with his state. Republic for attempted escape, he sat for almost three years in a Bützow / three mountains. "In jail I had at some point dropped a minute," Jochum said, "that I have the social and economic system of the Federal Republic of better find ours." Two other inmates, including a FDJ secretary, serving time for sexual abuse of children squealed on him. Because of "seditious propaganda and incitement" Jochum received by the district court in 1965 a further 16 months in prison as the convicted appealed, he was - "arms handcuffed behind his back" (Jochum) - von Schwerin transported to the psychiatric examination in the 500 kilometers Saxon Clinic Waldheim. The infamous hospital, which this spring is to be closed, in the past two years repeatedly advised patients for abuse and illicit operations such as forced sterilizations in the headlines.
Waldheim was in the psychiatrist Manfred Ochernal a half-hour conversation with Jochum, the patient was a liar. "The fix was scary," says Jochum, "I finally said Ochernal, but that he is is not against prosecution witnesses such as the FDJ secretary. For which would act in the civilian sector in important social functions "Five months was Jochum held in the closed psychiatric Waldheim and -. Treated with psychotropic drugs after his release had the East Germans Jochum in the real existing socialism no chance - against his will.. his job as host of the club restaurants in the district House of Culture Erich Weinert in Berlin-Pankow, he lost quickly when his past became known. The controversy over the dismissal should Jochum have the word "communist pig" is used. That was enough to get him again in the psychiatry .
This time it went straight to the Stasi house 213 to book. "If They connect again in criminal court appearance, "threatened to Jochums memory a doctor," then we must re-educate you with medical means "no empty threat. As Jochum, barely released, a friend who worked for the Stasi, to phase out the Sniffer service, persuaded him, the Stasi locked in an off the same for several years. Only in 1984 he was "completely broken, and then really sick" (Jochum) free from book. had before his release to sign a statement that he was now the "State . - would serve loyally and military power in East Germany "Physicians who were submissive to the regime against all ethical rules, the Stasi was always enough
(Source:. Spiegel.online 1992)
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